Cetho Temple (Indonesian: Candi Ceto) is a fifteenth-century Javanese-Hindu temple that is located on the western slope of Mount Lawu (elev. 1495 m above sea level]]) on the border between Central and East Java provinces.
Cetho is one of several temples built on the northwest slopes of Mount Lawu in the fifteenth century. By this time, Javanese religion and art had diverged from Indian precepts that had been so influential on temples styles during the 8-10th century. This area was the last significant area of temple building in Java before the island’s courts were converted to Islam in the 16th century. The temples’ distinctiveness and the lack of records of Javanese ceremonies and beliefs of the era make it difficult for historians to interpret the significance of these antiquities
History Cetho temple Karanganyar – Background
According to historians and ancient history Cetho temple Karanganyar also built at the same time with the Sukuh temple around the 15th century at the end of the heyday of the Hindu Majapahit Empire. This site built during the collapse of Majapahit influence the form of temple architecture. This temple has a very unique shape, as unique as Sukuh architecture.
Cetho not have the form as in the Hindu temple in Java in general. The form that resembles punden. This brings the conclusion that the fall of Majapahit makes the emergence of indigenous cultural communities back.
History Cetho temple Karanganyar – Rediscovery
Cetho temple Karanganyar actually a temple consisting of 14 terraced patio that stretches from west to east (from bottom to top). However, all that remains is 13 terraces, and unfortunately again restoration ever undertaken only at 9 terrace only.
Scientific record of the existence of this site Cetho temple Karanganyar first time by a Dutchman named Van de Vlies in 1842. There are also several other archaeologist who has conducted research on the Cetho temple Karanganyar, namely AJ Bennet Kempers, N.J. Krom, W.F. Sutterheim, K.C. Crucq, and an Indonesian named Riboet Darmosoetopo.
Then finally this Cetho temple Karanganyar site excavated in about 1928, and that’s where it is known that the site was built during the end of Majapahit in the 15th century.
But somehow there are still differences of opinion regarding the manufacture of this Cetho temple Karanganyar. There are some experts who have the opinion that this Cetho temple Karanganyar actually been built long before the Majapahit period. It is based on evidence that the temple was built with the basic material of andesite with relief very simple. While most of the Majapahit era temple built using the basic ingredients of red brick and has a much more detailed relief.
And like Sukuh, this temple has architectural shape that looks more like the temple premises from the Mayan civilization in Mexico, or the Incas in Peru. In addition, several statues were found here are not at all similar to the face of the Javanese, but more similar to the Sumerians or the Romans and show times are much older than the time of Majapahit.
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